英语阅读：鲨鱼袭击事件增加
At least two people were bitten by sharks in Florida this week, a 14-year-old boy who accidentally dove into one of the animals during a lifeguard training camp drill.
Shark attacks over the July Fourth weekend injured four beachgoers in Florida and Texas.
And late last month, the actor and surfer Tamayo Perry, 49, died after being attacked by a shark off the coast of Oahu in Hawaii.
Stories of violent encounters between sharks and swimmers can the recreating public, leading to beach closures and conjuring up images of films like Jaws.
But shark experts say the risk of an is exceedingly low.
“It’s pretty for people to encounter sharks. It’s very uncommon for to know about it,” says Catherine Macdonald, of the Shark & Conservation at the of Miami.
Sharks inhabit the ocean, Macdonald says, and they may swim into shallow waters near the coastline to hunt for fish or larger sharks. Most of the time, when sharks come across people, they just swim away.
Humans aren’t part of a shark’s diet, which for most species consists primarily of smaller fish or invertebrates. If they attack people, it’s likely because they are confused or curious, to the National Ocean Service.
So when an attack does occur, it’s unusual. “Relative to the number of people who enjoy recreation in our oceans, shark bites are incredibly rare,” Macdonald says.
According to a tally of shark attacks called the International Shark Attack File at the Florida Museum of Natural History, there were 69 unprovoked bites in 2023. That’s slightly higher than the five-year of 63 shark attacks.
Macdonald says there could be a few factors contributing to a in shark attacks, including an uptick in reporting, a larger number of people using the water and beachgoers spending more time out of the year at the shore.
本周佛罗里达州至少有两人被鲨鱼咬伤，其中一名 14 岁男孩在救生员训练营演习中意外跳入鲨鱼中。
在 7 月 4 日的周末，佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州共有四名海滩游客遭到鲨鱼袭击受伤。
上个月末，49 岁的演员兼职业冲浪者塔马约·佩里在夏威夷欧胡岛海岸附近遭鲨鱼袭击后不幸身亡。
鲨鱼与游泳者之间暴力冲突的故事可能会吓坏正在游玩的公众，导致海滩关闭，并让人联想到《大白鲨》等电影中的恐怖场景。
但鲨鱼专家表示，遭到鲨鱼袭击的风险极低。
迈阿密大学鲨鱼研究与保护项目主任凯瑟琳·麦克唐纳说：“人们遇到鲨鱼是很常见的事，但知道这件事的人却很少。”
麦克唐纳表示，鲨鱼遍布整个海洋，它们可能会游到海岸线附近的浅水域捕鱼或躲避更大的鲨鱼。大多数情况下，鲨鱼遇到人时就会游开。
对于大多数鲨鱼种类来说，人类并不是它们的食物，它们的主食是较小的鱼类或无脊椎动物。美国国家海洋服务局表示，鲨鱼如果攻击人类，很可能是因为它们感到困惑或好奇。
因此，鲨鱼袭击事件确实发生时是很少见的。麦克唐纳说：“相对于享受海洋娱乐的庞大人群来说，鲨鱼咬伤事件是极其罕见的。”
根据佛罗里达自然历史博物馆的《国际鲨鱼袭击档案》对全球鲨鱼袭击事件的统计，2023 年发生了 69 起无端鲨鱼袭击事件，略高于过去五年的平均 63 起。
麦克唐纳表示，鲨鱼袭击事件可能有所增加的原因有几个，包括报告数量的增加、使用水域的人数增多以及海滩游客每年在海岸边花费的时间更长。
